Human (protanope) (Homo sapiens)

Containing taxa: Animalia » Chordata » Osteichthyes » Sarcopterygii » Tetrapoda » Mammalia » Eutheria » Euarchontoglires » Primates » Catarrhini » Hominidae

Photoreceptors:
Receptor Opsin λmax Filter λmax Filter λ50% Recep. λmax
Green cone534nm454,450,480nm511,480,505nm553nm
Rod500nm  521nm
Blue cone420nm  448nm


Opponent processes:
Description (+) Terminus (-) Terminus Mode
Luminance (photopic)
Green cone   Photopic
Luminance (scotopic)
Rod   Scotopic
Yellοw-Blue
556nm - 501nm - 446nm
 
Green cone Blue cone
(Rod)
Photopic
Cones-Rods
588nm - 539nm - 491nm
 
Green cone Rod Mesopic

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Notes and References:

Warrant E.J., Nilsson D.-E. (1998) Absorption of White Light in Photoreceptors. Vision Res., Vol. 38, No. 2, pp. 195-207. PII: S0042-6989(97)00151-X

Stavenga D., Smits R.P., Hoenders B.J. (1993) Simple Exponential Functions Describing the Absorbance Bands of Visual Pigment Spectra. Vision Res. 33(8) pp. 1011-1017. doi:10.1016/0042-6989(93)90237-Q



Note: Many species may have gaps in available data, which may be filled in with extrapolations from closely related species. The AVIAN website is copyright © 2011-2024 J. Gagnon. All rights reserved unless otherwise specified.