Tiger salamander (aquatic) (Ambystoma tigrinum)

Containing taxa: Animalia » Chordata » Osteichthyes » Sarcopterygii » Tetrapoda » Amphibia » Caudata

Photoreceptors:
Receptor Opsin λmax Filter λmax Filter λ50% Recep. λmax
LWS cone600nm  600nm
Red rod500nm  500nm
SWS2 cone445nm  445nm
Green rod440nm  440nm
SWS1 cone360,445,600nm  366nm


Opponent processes:
Description (+) Terminus (-) Terminus Mode
Luminance (photopic)
LWS cone   Photopic
Luminance (scotopic)
Red rod   Scotopic
Orange-Indigo
600nm - 510nm - 447nm
 
LWS cone SWS2 cone Photopic
Blue-UV
450nm - 406nm - 365nm
 
SWS2 cone SWS1 cone Photopic
Red rod - Green rod
518nm - 475nm - 430nm
 
Red rod Green rod Scotopic

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Notes and References:

Perry, R. J. & McNaughton, P. A. (1991) Response properties of cones from the retina of the tiger salamander. Journal of Physiology 433(1), 561-587. doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1991.sp018444

Isayama T., Chen Y., Kono M., Fabre E., Slavsky M., DeGrip W.J., Ma J.-X., Crouch R.K., Makino C.L. (2014) Co-expression of three opsins in cone photoreceptors of the salamander, Ambystoma tigrinum. J Comp Neurol. 2014 July 1; 522(10): 2249-2265. doi:10.1002/cne.23531

Warrant E.J., Nilsson D.-E. (1998) Absorption of White Light in Photoreceptors. Vision Res., Vol. 38, No. 2, pp. 195-207. PII: S0042-6989(97)00151-X

Stavenga D., Smits R.P., Hoenders B.J. (1993) Simple Exponential Functions Describing the Absorbance Bands of Visual Pigment Spectra. Vision Res. 33(8) pp. 1011-1017. doi:10.1016/0042-6989(93)90237-Q



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