<!-- VSPLIT cloning Green receptor - UV receptor... -->
<!-- VSPLIT omitting -UV from Green receptor - UV receptor2 and adding new recep instead. -->
<!-- VSPLIT cloning Yellow-Blue... -->
<!-- VSPLIT omitting -B receptor from Yellow-Blue2 and adding new recep instead. -->
<!-- VSPLIT cloning Green-UV... -->
<!-- VSPLIT omitting -UV receptor from Green-UV2 and adding new recep instead. -->
<!-- VSPLIT cloning Yellow-Blue2... -->
<!-- VSPLIT omitting -R receptor from Yellow-Blue22 and adding new recep instead. -->
<!-- VSPLIT cloning Yellow-Blue... -->
<!-- VSPLIT omitting -B receptor from Yellow-Blue2 and adding new recep instead. -->
<!-- Connecting -dB receptor to Yellow-Blue -->
<!-- UV receptor acuity times 0.20454545897886 is now 8.1818181818182. -->
<!-- G receptor acuity times 0.20454545897886 is now 8.1818181818182. -->
<!-- B receptor acuity times 0.20454545897886 is now 8.1818181818182. -->
<!-- R receptor acuity times 0.20454545897886 is now 8.1818181818182. -->
<!-- V receptor acuity times 0.20454545897886 is now 8.1818181818182. -->
<!-- dR receptor acuity times 0.20454545897886 is now 8.1818181818182. -->
<!-- Luminance (643) has +G receptor -->
<!-- oppoacup 8.1818181818182 from G receptor -->
<!-- Luminance: Array
(
    [0] => 0
)
 -->
<!-- Luminance mode = 0 -->
<!-- Luminance acuity is 8.1818181818182 based on +8.1818181818182, -0 -->
<!-- Green-UV (106404) has +G receptor -->
<!-- oppoacup 8.1818181818182 from G receptor -->
<!-- Green-UV (106404) has -UV receptor -->
<!-- oppoacum 8.1818181818182 from UV receptor -->
<!-- Green-UV: Array
(
    [0] => 0
)
 -->
<!-- Green-UV mode = 0 -->
<!-- Green-UV acuity is 8.1818181818182 based on +8.1818181818182, -8.1818181818182 -->
<!-- Yellow-Blue (106406) has +G receptor -->
<!-- oppoacup 8.1818181818182 from G receptor -->
<!-- Yellow-Blue (106406) has -B receptor -->
<!-- oppoacum 8.1818181818182 from B receptor -->
<!-- Yellow-Blue: Array
(
    [0] => 0
)
 -->
<!-- Yellow-Blue mode = 0 -->
<!-- Yellow-Blue acuity is 8.1818181818182 based on +8.1818181818182, -8.1818181818182 -->
<!-- Red-Green (1335015) has +G receptor -->
<!-- oppoacup 8.1818181818182 from G receptor -->
<!-- Red-Green (1335015) has -R receptor -->
<!-- oppoacum 8.1818181818182 from R receptor -->
<!-- Red-Green: Array
(
    [0] => 0
)
 -->
<!-- Red-Green mode = 0 -->
<!-- Red-Green acuity is 8.1818181818182 based on +8.1818181818182, -8.1818181818182 -->
<!-- Yellow-Violet (1335016) has +G receptor -->
<!-- oppoacup 8.1818181818182 from G receptor -->
<!-- Yellow-Violet (1335016) has -V receptor -->
<!-- oppoacum 8.1818181818182 from V receptor -->
<!-- Yellow-Violet: Array
(
    [0] => 0
)
 -->
<!-- Yellow-Violet mode = 0 -->
<!-- Yellow-Violet acuity is 8.1818181818182 based on +8.1818181818182, -8.1818181818182 -->
<!-- DeepRed-Green (1335017) has +G receptor -->
<!-- oppoacup 8.1818181818182 from G receptor -->
<!-- DeepRed-Green (1335017) has -dR receptor -->
<!-- oppoacum 8.1818181818182 from dR receptor -->
<!-- DeepRed-Green: Array
(
    [0] => 0
)
 -->
<!-- DeepRed-Green mode = 0 -->
<!-- DeepRed-Green acuity is 8.1818181818182 based on +8.1818181818182, -8.1818181818182 -->
<!-- Yellow-Blue2 (1335018) has +G receptor -->
<!-- oppoacup 8.1818181818182 from G receptor -->
<!-- Yellow-Blue2: Array
(
    [0] => 0
)
 -->
<!-- Yellow-Blue2 mode = 0 -->
<!-- Yellow-Blue2 acuity is 8.1818181818182 based on +8.1818181818182, -0 -->
<!-- Opp Luminance pl/ml ranges: 506, 0 -->
<!-- Opp Green-UV pl/ml ranges: 551, 354 -->
<!-- Opp Yellow-Blue pl/ml ranges: 572, 439 -->
<!-- Opp Red-Green pl/ml ranges: 496, 649 -->
<!-- Opp Yellow-Violet pl/ml ranges: 564, 406 -->
<!-- Opp DeepRed-Green pl/ml ranges: 507, 643 -->
<!-- unset Yellow-Blue2: no minusrecep and not luminance -->
<!-- green at 551 nm. -->
<!-- uv at 354 nm. -->
<!-- yellow at 572 nm. -->
<!-- blue at 439 nm. -->
<!-- green at 649 nm. -->
<!-- red at 496 nm. -->
<!-- yellow at 564 nm. -->
<!-- violet at 406 nm. -->
<!-- green at 643 nm. -->
<!-- deepred at 507 nm. -->
<!-- Photopic1: 0 [, Yellow-Blue, Red-Cyan, Red-Teal, Yellow-Indigo, ] -->
<!-- Photopic: 0 [, ] -->
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<title>AVIAN - Garden white (female) (Pieiris rapae)</title>
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<a href='index.php'><img align="left" src="img/logo.png"><span class="red">A</span><span class="green">V</span><span class="blue">I</span><span class="purple">A</span><span class="orange">N</span></a></h1>
<h4 id="subtitle">Animal Vision Interactive Analyzer</h4>
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<ul>
	<li>Major Taxa
		<ul>
			<li><a href="index.php?node=0&id=234">Animalia</a></li>
<li><a href="index.php?node=26&id=234">Chelicerata</a></li>
<li><a href="index.php?node=34&id=234">Eumalacostraca</a></li>
<li><a href="index.php?node=33&id=234">Stomatopoda</a></li>
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<li><a href="index.php?node=18&id=234">Apoidea</a></li>
<li><a href="index.php?node=180&id=234">Papilionoidea</a></li>
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<li><a href="index.php?node=146&id=234">Cyprinodontiformes</a></li>
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<li><a href="index.php?node=347&id=234">Perciformes</a></li>
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			<li><a href="species.php?id=234">Garden&nbsp;white&nbsp;(female)&nbsp;(Pieiris&nbsp;rapae)</a></li>
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<span id="opfisehciet"><br><br>&nbsp;</span>

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<br><br><br>
<!-- Luminance: plmax 563(506); zero 0; mlmax 0(0) -->
<!-- Red-Teal: plmax 636(643); zero 612; mlmax 563(507) -->
<!-- Red-Cyan: plmax 623(649); zero 593; mlmax 561(496) -->
<!-- Yellow-Blue: plmax 564(572); zero 501; mlmax 451(439) -->
<!-- Yellow-Indigo: plmax 563(564); zero 481; mlmax 427(406) -->
<!-- Lime-UV: plmax 563(551); zero 417; mlmax 357(354) -->
<div id="specieshdr">
<h3>Garden white (female) (<i>Pieiris rapae</i>)</h3>

<p><!-- SELECT `name`, `parent_id` pi FROM `taxon` WHERE `taxon_id` = '180' -->
<!-- SELECT `name`, `parent_id` pi FROM `taxon` WHERE `taxon_id` = '94' -->
<!-- SELECT `name`, `parent_id` pi FROM `taxon` WHERE `taxon_id` = '16' -->
<!-- SELECT `name`, `parent_id` pi FROM `taxon` WHERE `taxon_id` = '15' -->
<!-- SELECT `name`, `parent_id` pi FROM `taxon` WHERE `taxon_id` = '25' -->
<!-- SELECT `name`, `parent_id` pi FROM `taxon` WHERE `taxon_id` = '14' -->
<!-- SELECT `name`, `parent_id` pi FROM `taxon` WHERE `taxon_id` = '0' -->
Containing taxa: <a href="index.php?node=0">Animalia</a> &raquo; <a href="index.php?node=14">Arthropoda</a> &raquo; <a href="index.php?node=25">Pancrustacea</a> &raquo; <a href="index.php?node=15">Insecta</a> &raquo; <a href="index.php?node=16">Endopterygota</a> &raquo; <a href="index.php?node=94">Lepidoptera</a> &raquo; <a href="index.php?node=180">Papilionoidea</a> &raquo; <a href="index.php?node=163">Pieridae</a></p>


</div>

<div id="opsinopp">
<div id="opsins">
Photoreceptors:
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="503">
    <tr class="tblheader">
        <td width=40%>Receptor</td>
        <td width=20%>Opsin&nbsp;&lambda;max</td>
        <td width=20%>Filter&nbsp;&lambda;max</td>
        <td width=20%>Filter&nbsp;&lambda;50%</td>
        <td width=20%>Recep.&nbsp;&lambda;max</td>
    </tr>
<tr><td nowrap>dR receptor</td><td>563nm</td><td>590nm</td><td>631nm</td><td>635nm</td></tr>
<tr><td nowrap>R receptor</td><td>563nm</td><td>555nm</td><td>618nm</td><td>621nm</td></tr>
<tr><td nowrap>G receptor</td><td>563nm</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>563nm</td></tr>
<tr><td nowrap>B receptor</td><td>453nm</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>453nm</td></tr>
<tr><td nowrap>V receptor</td><td>425nm</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>425nm</td></tr>
<tr><td nowrap>UV receptor</td><td>360nm</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>359nm</td></tr>
</table>

<!-- acria dau gulbio dau clusso clusso clusso clusso clusso clusso clusso clusso clusso -->
</div>

<br><br>

<div id="opponents">
Opponent processes:
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="503">
    <tr class="tblheader">
        <td width=40%>Description</td>
        <td width=25%>(+) Terminus</td>
        <td width=25%>(-) Terminus</td>
        <td width=10%>Mode</td>
    </tr>
<tr>
            <td valign=top>Luminance<br>
			            <!-- : 1.4959800700533 - 1 -->
            </td>
            <td valign=top style="background-color: #111; color: #ffffff;">G receptor</td>
            <td valign=top style="background-color: #111; color: #000000;">&nbsp;</td>
            <td>Photopic</td>
          </tr>
        <tr>
            <td valign=top>Red-Teal<br>
			636nm - 612nm - 563nm<br>&nbsp;            <!-- : 0.4538360294904 - 1.5330421907243 -->
            </td>
            <td valign=top style="background-color: #111; color: #ff00d5;">dR receptor</td>
            <td valign=top style="background-color: #111; color: #56ff00;">G receptor</td>
            <td>Photopic</td>
          </tr>
        <tr>
            <td valign=top>Red-Cyan<br>
			623nm - 593nm - 561nm<br>&nbsp;            <!-- : 0.60989342175956 - 1.5181814256522 -->
            </td>
            <td valign=top style="background-color: #111; color: #ff00ab;">R receptor</td>
            <td valign=top style="background-color: #111; color: #30ff00;">G receptor</td>
            <td>Photopic</td>
          </tr>
        <tr>
            <td valign=top>Yellow-Blue<br>
			564nm - 501nm - 451nm<br>&nbsp;            <!-- : 1.5017691000136 - 1.3572995343837 -->
            </td>
            <td valign=top style="background-color: #111; color: #ffaf00;">G receptor</td>
            <td valign=top style="background-color: #111; color: #0072ff;">B receptor</td>
            <td>Photopic</td>
          </tr>
        <tr>
            <td valign=top>Yellow-Indigo<br>
			563nm - 481nm - 427nm<br>&nbsp;            <!-- : 1.496013329203 - 1.2269780876953 -->
            </td>
            <td valign=top style="background-color: #111; color: #fec500;">G receptor</td>
            <td valign=top style="background-color: #111; color: #0040ff;">V receptor</td>
            <td>Photopic</td>
          </tr>
        <tr>
            <td valign=top>Lime-UV<br>
			563nm - 417nm - 357nm<br>&nbsp;            <!-- : 1.4959800700533 - 0.8618563706813 -->
            </td>
            <td valign=top style="background-color: #111; color: #c2ff00;">G receptor</td>
            <td valign=top style="background-color: #111; color: #3b00ff;">UV receptor</td>
            <td>Photopic</td>
          </tr>
        </table>
</div>
</div>


<div id="receptors">
<div class="tab">
  <button class="tablinks active" onclick="openTab(event, 'ops')">Photoreceptor Curves</button>
  <button class="tablinks" onclick="openTab(event, 'opp')">Opponency Curves</button>
  <button class="tablinks" onclick="openTab(event, 'dsc')">Wavelength Discrimination</button>
  <button class="tablinks" onclick="openTab(event, 'cie')">Chromaticity Diagram</button>
  <button class="tablinks" onclick="openTab(event, 'script')">Script Commands</button>
</div>

<div id="ops" class="tabcontent">
	<p id="pw1">Please wait...</p> 
	<img src="img/opsinimg.php?species_id=234" onload="window.setTimeout(function(){$('#pw1').hide();},53);">
</div>

<div id="opp" class="tabcontent">
	<p id="pw2">Please wait...</p> 
  <script>
  var oppimurl = 'img/opponimg.php?species_id=234';
  </script>
</div>

<div id="dsc" class="tabcontent">
	<p id="pw3">Please wait...</p> 
  <script>
  var dscimurl = 'img/discriminimg.php?species_id=234';
  </script>
</div>

<div id="cie" class="tabcontent">
	<p id="pw4">Please wait...</p> 
  <!-- p>WARNING: Beta.</p -->
  <script>
  var cieimurl = 'img/chromatimg.php?species_id=234';
  var modes = [			0, 			  ];
  var modenm = [		'Photopic', 			  ];
  openTab(false, 'ops');
  </script>
</div>

<div id="script" class="tabcontent">
<textarea style="width: 1050px; height: 400px;">
106404	t14	TSPLIT		Receptor,Green receptor,UV receptor
106405	t14	OPSIN		UV receptor,370
106410	t14	DSCOPP		643,UV receptor
106406	t15	VSPLIT		UV receptor,Blue,UV
106407	t15	OPSIN		Blue,440
106408	t15	OPSIN		UV,350
106409	t15	OPSIN		Green receptor,530
106759	t15	RCPNAME		Green receptor,Green
1335400	t15	NAMEOPP		106406,Yellow-Blue
1335401	t15	NAMEOPP		106404,Green-UV
1351539	t15	ACUITY		2
1351567	t180	ACUITY		2.2
1335012	t163	RCPNAME		Green,G receptor
1335013	t163	RCPNAME		Blue,B receptor
1335014	t163	RCPNAME		UV,UV receptor
1335015	t163	VSPLIT		B receptor,R receptor
1335016	t163	VSPLIT		UV receptor,V receptor
1335017	t163	VSPLIT		R receptor,dR receptor
1335018	t163	VSPLIT		B receptor,dB receptor
1335019	t163	OPSIN		R receptor,560
1335020	t163	SCRPIGR		R receptor,550,587,0,3
1335021	t163	OPSIN		dR receptor,560
1335022	t163	SCRPIGR		dR receptor,590,631,0,3
1335024	t163	NAMEOPP		1335017,DeepRed-Green
1335025	t163	NAMEOPP		1335015,Red-Green
1335026	t163	NAMEOPP		106406,Yellow-Blue
1335027	t163	NAMEOPP		1335016,Yellow-Violet
1335028	t163	NAMEOPP		106404,Green-UV
1335029	t163	SCRPIG		dB receptor,420,445,0,.5
1335193	t163	CONNOPP		106406,-,dB receptor
1375	s234	OPSIN		dB receptor,0
1335030	s234	OPSIN		dR receptor,R receptor,G receptor,563
1335031	s234	OPSIN		B receptor,453
1335032	s234	OPSIN		V receptor,425
1335033	s234	OPSIN		UV receptor,360
1335034	s234	SCRPIGR		R receptor,555,618
1335035	s234	SCRPIGR		dR receptor,590,631
</textarea>
</div>

</div>


<div id="links">
<a href="color.php?sp=234">View color of something</a>
| <a href="image_process.php">Process image</a>
| <a href="https://www.google.com/search?q=Pieiris rapae&tbm=isch&tbs=sur:fmc" target="_gizoogle">Image Search</a>
</div>

<div class="clear">
&nbsp;
</div>

<div class="cites">
<h3>Notes and References:</h3>
Wakakuwa, M., Stavenga, D. G., Arikawa, K. Spectral Organization of Ommatidia in Flower-visiting Insects (2007)
<i>Photochemistry and Photobiology, 83</i>: 27-34 <a href="https://doi.org/10.1562/2006-03-03-IR-831 " target="_cite">doi:10.1562/2006-03-03-IR-831 </a><br><br>Vanhoutte, K. J. A. 2003 Groningen: s.n.. (117 p. Doctoral Thesis)
Butterfly visual pigments: Molecular cloning and optical reflections. ISBN: 9036718627 <br><br>Frentiu, F. D. & Briscoe, A. D. (2008) A butterfly eye&apos;s view of birds <i>BioEssays</i> 30:1151-1162 <br><br>Land M.F. (1997)
Visual Acuity in Insects.
<i>Annu. Rev. Entomol.</i> 42:147-177 <br><br>Warrant E.J., Nilsson D.-E. (1998) Absorption of White Light in Photoreceptors. <i>Vision Res.</i>, Vol. 38, No. 2, pp. 195-207. PII: S0042-6989(97)00151-X <br><br>Stavenga D., Smits R.P., Hoenders B.J. (1993) Simple Exponential Functions Describing the Absorbance Bands of Visual Pigment Spectra. <i>Vision Res.</i> 33(8) pp. 1011-1017. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/0042-6989(93)90237-Q " target="_cite">doi:10.1016/0042-6989(93)90237-Q </a><br><br> <br><br>
<em>Note: Many species may have gaps in available data, which may be filled in with extrapolations from closely related species.
The AVIAN website is copyright &copy; 2011-2024 J. Gagnon. All rights reserved unless otherwise specified.
</em>
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