Elephant shark (Callorhinchus milii)

Containing taxa: Animalia » Chordata » Chondrichthyes » Holocephali

Photoreceptors:
Receptor Opsin λmax Filter λmax Filter λ50% Recep. λmax
Yellow cone548nm  548nm
Green cone499nm  499nm
Rod496nm  496nm
Blue cone442nm  445nm


Opponent processes:
Description (+) Terminus (-) Terminus Mode
Luminance (photopic)
Yellow cone
Green cone
  Photopic
Luminance (scotopic)
Rod   Scotopic
Yellow-Aqua
571nm - 527nm - 483nm
 
Yellow cone Green cone Photopic
Green-Blue
528nm - 484nm - 440nm
 
Yellow cone
Green cone
Blue cone Photopic

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Notes and References:

Davies W.L., Carvalho L.S., Tay B.-H., Brenner S., Hunt D.M., Venkatesh B. (2009) Into the blue: Gene duplication and loss underlie color vision adaptations in a deep-sea chimaera, the elephant shark Callorhinchus milii. Genome Research 19:415-426. doi:10.1101/gr.084509.108.

Warrant E.J., Nilsson D.-E. (1998) Absorption of White Light in Photoreceptors. Vision Res., Vol. 38, No. 2, pp. 195-207. PII: S0042-6989(97)00151-X

Stavenga D., Smits R.P., Hoenders B.J. (1993) Simple Exponential Functions Describing the Absorbance Bands of Visual Pigment Spectra. Vision Res. 33(8) pp. 1011-1017. doi:10.1016/0042-6989(93)90237-Q



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