Small tortoiseshell (Aglais urticae)

Containing taxa: Animalia » Arthropoda » Pancrustacea » Insecta » Endopterygota » Lepidoptera » Papilionoidea » Nymphalidae

Photoreceptors:
Receptor Opsin λmax Filter λmax Filter λ50% Recep. λmax
Green530nm  530nm
Blue460nm  460nm
UV370nm  369nm


Opponent processes:
Description (+) Terminus (-) Terminus Mode
Luminance
Green   Photopic
Lime-Blue
541nm - 495nm - 451nm
 
Green Blue Photopic
Green-UV
530nm - 427nm - 369nm
 
Green UV Photopic

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Notes and References:

Longwave-transmissive screening pigments and red-inclusive tetrachromacy are known for several members of this family. It is likely that this species, too, possesses red sensitivity, but the site admin is unaware of evidence for that.

Steiner, A., Paul, R., Gemperlein, R. (1987) Retinal receptor types in Aglais urticae and Pieris brassicae (Lepidoptera), revealed by analysis of the electroretinogram obtained with Fourier interferometric stimulation (FIS). Journal of Comparative Physiology A March 1987, Volume 160, Issue 2, pp 247-258

Briscoe, A. D. & Chittka, L. (2001) The Evolution of Color Vision in Insects. Annu. Rev. Entomol. 2001. 46:471-510

Frentiu, F. D. & Briscoe, A. D. (2008) A butterfly eye's view of birds BioEssays 30:1151-1162Warrant E.J., Nilsson D.-E. (1998) Absorption of White Light in Photoreceptors. Vision Res., Vol. 38, No. 2, pp. 195-207. PII: S0042-6989(97)00151-X

Stavenga D., Smits R.P., Hoenders B.J. (1993) Simple Exponential Functions Describing the Absorbance Bands of Visual Pigment Spectra. Vision Res. 33(8) pp. 1011-1017. doi:10.1016/0042-6989(93)90237-Q



Note: Many species may have gaps in available data, which may be filled in with extrapolations from closely related species. The AVIAN website is copyright © 2011-2024 J. Gagnon. All rights reserved unless otherwise specified.