<!-- VSPLIT cloning Luminance... -->
<!-- VSPLIT omitting +Cone from Luminance2 and adding new recep instead. -->
<!-- Connecting +Rh2 cone to LWS cone - SWS cone -->
<!-- Connecting +LWS cone to Rh2 cone - SWS2 cone -->
<!-- Connecting -Rh2 cone to Rh2 cone - SWS2 cone -->
<!-- UNKNOWN OPCODE CONNDHGOPP in `finetune` -->
<!-- VSPLIT cloning Luminance (photopic)... -->
<!-- VSPLIT omitting +LWS cone from Luminance (photopic)2 and adding new recep instead. -->
<!-- VSPLIT cloning Yellow-Blue... -->
<!-- VSPLIT omitting +LWS cone from Yellow-Blue2 and adding new recep instead. -->
<!-- VSPLIT cloning Red-Green... -->
<!-- VSPLIT omitting +LWS cone from Red-Green2 and adding new recep instead. -->
<!-- VSPLIT cloning Luminance (photopic)... -->
<!-- VSPLIT omitting +Rh2 cone from Luminance (photopic)2 and adding new recep instead. -->
<!-- VSPLIT cloning Yellow-Blue... -->
<!-- VSPLIT omitting +Rh2 cone from Yellow-Blue2 and adding new recep instead. -->
<!-- VSPLIT cloning Red-Green... -->
<!-- VSPLIT omitting -Rh2 cone from Red-Green2 and adding new recep instead. -->
<!-- VSPLIT cloning Luminance (photopic)2... -->
<!-- VSPLIT omitting +Rh2 cone from Luminance (photopic)22 and adding new recep instead. -->
<!-- VSPLIT cloning Yellow-Blue2... -->
<!-- VSPLIT omitting +Rh2 cone from Yellow-Blue22 and adding new recep instead. -->
<!-- VSPLIT cloning Red-Green2... -->
<!-- VSPLIT omitting -Rh2 cone from Red-Green22 and adding new recep instead. -->
<!-- DELOPP Luminance (photopic)2 -->
<!-- DELOPP Yellow-Blue2 -->
<!-- DELOPP Red-Green2 -->
<!-- DELOPP Luminance (photopic)2 -->
<!-- DELOPP Yellow-Blue2 -->
<!-- DELOPP Red-Green2 -->
<!-- DELOPP Luminance (photopic)22 -->
<!-- DELOPP Yellow-Blue22 -->
<!-- DELOPP Red-Green22 -->
<!-- Connecting +Double cone LWS to Yellow-Blue -->
<!-- Connecting +Double cone MWS to Yellow-Blue -->
<!-- Connecting +Double cone LWS to Luminance (photopic) -->
<!-- Connecting +Double cone MWS to Luminance (photopic) -->
<!-- Rod acuity times 2.0454545454545 is now 45. -->
<!-- LWS cone acuity times 2.0454545454545 is now 18. -->
<!-- SWS2 cone acuity times 2.0454545454545 is now 90. -->
<!-- Rh2 cone acuity times 2.0454545454545 is now 18. -->
<!-- Double cone MWS acuity times 2.0454545454545 is now 18. -->
<!-- Luminance (photopic) (643) has +LWS cone -->
<!-- oppoacup 18 from LWS cone -->
<!-- Luminance (photopic) (643) has +Rh2 cone -->
<!-- Luminance (photopic) (643) has +Double cone MWS -->
<!-- Luminance (photopic): Array
(
    [0] => 0
)
 -->
<!-- Luminance (photopic) mode = 0 -->
<!-- Luminance (photopic) acuity is 18 based on +18, -0 -->
<!-- Luminance (scotopic) (10001) has +Rod -->
<!-- oppoacup 45 from Rod -->
<!-- Luminance (scotopic): Array
(
    [0] => 1
)
 -->
<!-- Luminance (scotopic) mode = 1 -->
<!-- Luminance (scotopic) acuity is 45 based on +45, -0 -->
<!-- Yellow-Blue (10003) has +LWS cone -->
<!-- oppoacup 18 from LWS cone -->
<!-- Yellow-Blue (10003) has +Rh2 cone -->
<!-- Yellow-Blue (10003) has +Double cone MWS -->
<!-- Yellow-Blue (10003) has -SWS2 cone -->
<!-- oppoacum 90 from SWS2 cone -->
<!-- Yellow-Blue: Array
(
    [0] => 0
)
 -->
<!-- Yellow-Blue mode = 0 -->
<!-- Yellow-Blue acuity is 90 based on +18, -90 -->
<!-- Blue-UV (10005) has +SWS2 cone -->
<!-- oppoacup 90 from SWS2 cone -->
<!-- Blue-UV: Array
(
    [0] => 0
)
 -->
<!-- Blue-UV mode = 0 -->
<!-- Blue-UV acuity is 90 based on +90, -0 -->
<!-- Red-Green (10008) has +LWS cone -->
<!-- oppoacup 18 from LWS cone -->
<!-- Red-Green (10008) has -Rh2 cone -->
<!-- oppoacum 18 from Rh2 cone -->
<!-- Red-Green: Array
(
    [0] => 0
)
 -->
<!-- Red-Green mode = 0 -->
<!-- Red-Green acuity is 18 based on +18, -18 -->
<!-- deleted Red-Green (double cones) no plusreceps -->
<!-- Double-Single cones (106468) has +Double cone MWS -->
<!-- oppoacup 18 from Double cone MWS -->
<!-- Double-Single cones (106468) has -LWS cone -->
<!-- oppoacum 18 from LWS cone -->
<!-- Double-Single cones (106468) has -Rh2 cone -->
<!-- Double-Single cones: Array
(
    [0] => 0
)
 -->
<!-- Double-Single cones mode = 0 -->
<!-- Double-Single cones acuity is 18 based on +18, -18 -->
<!-- Opp Luminance (photopic) pl/ml ranges: 525, 0 -->
<!-- Opp Luminance (scotopic) pl/ml ranges: 490, 0 -->
<!-- Opp Yellow-Blue pl/ml ranges: 592, 454 -->
<!-- unset Blue-UV: no minusrecep and not luminance -->
<!-- Opp Red-Green pl/ml ranges: 627, 498 -->
<!-- Opp Double-Single cones pl/ml ranges: 520, 610 -->
<!-- yellow at 592 nm. -->
<!-- blue at 454 nm. -->
<!-- red at 627 nm. -->
<!-- green at 498 nm. -->
<!-- singlecones at 610 nm. -->
<!-- double at 520 nm. -->
<!-- Photopic: 0 [, Green-Blue, Single cones-Double, Amber-Cyan, ] -->
<!-- Scotopic: 1 [, ] -->
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<title>AVIAN - Pacific herring (Clupea pallasi)</title>
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<h4 id="subtitle">Animal Vision Interactive Analyzer</h4>
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<ul>
	<li>Major Taxa
		<ul>
			<li><a href="index.php?node=0&id=410">Animalia</a></li>
<li><a href="index.php?node=26&id=410">Chelicerata</a></li>
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			<li><a href="species.php?id=410">Pacific&nbsp;herring&nbsp;(Clupea&nbsp;pallasi)</a></li>
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<span id="opfisehciet"><br><br>&nbsp;</span>

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<br><br><br>
<!-- Luminance (photopic): plmax 517(525); zero 0; mlmax 0(0) -->
<!-- Luminance (scotopic): plmax 500(490); zero 0; mlmax 0(0) -->
<!-- Single cones-Double: plmax 610(610); zero 570; mlmax 528(520) -->
<!-- Amber-Cyan: plmax 593(627); zero 542; mlmax 491(498) -->
<!-- Green-Blue: plmax 557(592); zero 514; mlmax 467(454) -->
<div id="specieshdr">
<h3>Pacific herring (<i>Clupea pallasi</i>)</h3>

<p><!-- SELECT `name`, `parent_id` pi FROM `taxon` WHERE `taxon_id` = '443' -->
<!-- SELECT `name`, `parent_id` pi FROM `taxon` WHERE `taxon_id` = '127' -->
<!-- SELECT `name`, `parent_id` pi FROM `taxon` WHERE `taxon_id` = '442' -->
<!-- SELECT `name`, `parent_id` pi FROM `taxon` WHERE `taxon_id` = '2' -->
<!-- SELECT `name`, `parent_id` pi FROM `taxon` WHERE `taxon_id` = '478' -->
<!-- SELECT `name`, `parent_id` pi FROM `taxon` WHERE `taxon_id` = '1' -->
<!-- SELECT `name`, `parent_id` pi FROM `taxon` WHERE `taxon_id` = '0' -->
Containing taxa: <a href="index.php?node=0">Animalia</a> &raquo; <a href="index.php?node=1">Chordata</a> &raquo; <a href="index.php?node=478">Osteichthyes</a> &raquo; <a href="index.php?node=2">Actinopterygii</a> &raquo; <a href="index.php?node=442">Neopterygii</a> &raquo; <a href="index.php?node=127">Teleostei</a> &raquo; <a href="index.php?node=443">Otocephala</a> &raquo; <a href="index.php?node=326">Clupeiformes</a></p>


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<div id="opsinopp">
<div id="opsins">
Photoreceptors:
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="503">
    <tr class="tblheader">
        <td width=40%>Receptor</td>
        <td width=20%>Opsin&nbsp;&lambda;max</td>
        <td width=20%>Filter&nbsp;&lambda;max</td>
        <td width=20%>Filter&nbsp;&lambda;50%</td>
        <td width=20%>Recep.&nbsp;&lambda;max</td>
    </tr>
<tr><td nowrap>LWS cone</td><td>584nm</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>584nm</td></tr>
<tr><td nowrap>Double cone MWS</td><td>522nm</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>522nm</td></tr>
<tr><td nowrap>Rh2 cone</td><td>500nm</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>500nm</td></tr>
<tr><td nowrap>Rod</td><td>500nm</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>500nm</td></tr>
<tr><td nowrap>SWS2 cone</td><td>480nm</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>480nm</td></tr>
</table>

<!-- acria oino -->
</div>

<br><br>

<div id="opponents">
Opponent processes:
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="503">
    <tr class="tblheader">
        <td width=40%>Description</td>
        <td width=25%>(+) Terminus</td>
        <td width=25%>(-) Terminus</td>
        <td width=10%>Mode</td>
    </tr>
<tr>
            <td valign=top>Luminance (photopic)<br>
			            <!-- : 1.4537517084546 - 1 -->
            </td>
            <td valign=top style="background-color: #111; color: #ffffff;">LWS cone<br>Rh2 cone<br>Double cone MWS</td>
            <td valign=top style="background-color: #111; color: #000000;">&nbsp;</td>
            <td>Photopic</td>
          </tr>
        <tr>
            <td valign=top>Luminance (scotopic)<br>
			            <!-- : 1.0664775572603 - 1 -->
            </td>
            <td valign=top style="background-color: #111; color: #ffffff;">Rod</td>
            <td valign=top style="background-color: #111; color: #000000;">&nbsp;</td>
            <td>Scotopic</td>
          </tr>
        <tr>
            <td valign=top>Single cones-Double<br>
			610nm - 570nm - 528nm<br>&nbsp;            <!-- : 3.9761725400684 - 3.5258408793496 -->
            </td>
            <td valign=top style="background-color: #111; color: #ff2700;">LWS cone<br>Rh2 cone</td>
            <td valign=top style="background-color: #111; color: #00f9ff;">Double cone MWS</td>
            <td>Photopic</td>
          </tr>
        <tr>
            <td valign=top>Amber-Cyan<br>
			593nm - 542nm - 491nm<br>&nbsp;            <!-- : 1.4729203176538 - 1.3863893596385 -->
            </td>
            <td valign=top style="background-color: #111; color: #ff1500;">LWS cone</td>
            <td valign=top style="background-color: #111; color: #00ddfe;">Rh2 cone</td>
            <td>Photopic</td>
          </tr>
        <tr>
            <td valign=top>Green-Blue<br>
			557nm - 514nm - 467nm<br>&nbsp;            <!-- : 2.4035077142941 - 1.8545621569245 -->
            </td>
            <td valign=top style="background-color: #111; color: #edff00;">LWS cone<br>Rh2 cone<br>Double cone MWS</td>
            <td valign=top style="background-color: #111; color: #2500ff;">SWS2 cone</td>
            <td>Photopic</td>
          </tr>
        </table>
</div>
</div>


<div id="receptors">
<div class="tab">
  <button class="tablinks active" onclick="openTab(event, 'ops')">Photoreceptor Curves</button>
  <button class="tablinks" onclick="openTab(event, 'opp')">Opponency Curves</button>
  <button class="tablinks" onclick="openTab(event, 'dsc')">Wavelength Discrimination</button>
  <button class="tablinks" onclick="openTab(event, 'cie')">Chromaticity Diagram</button>
  <button class="tablinks" onclick="openTab(event, 'script')">Script Commands</button>
</div>

<div id="ops" class="tabcontent">
	<p id="pw1">Please wait...</p> 
	<img src="img/opsinimg.php?species_id=410" onload="window.setTimeout(function(){$('#pw1').hide();},53);">
</div>

<div id="opp" class="tabcontent">
	<p id="pw2">Please wait...</p> 
  <script>
  var oppimurl = 'img/opponimg.php?species_id=410';
  </script>
</div>

<div id="dsc" class="tabcontent">
	<p id="pw3">Please wait...</p> 
  <script>
  var dscimurl = 'img/discriminimg.php?species_id=410';
  </script>
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<div id="cie" class="tabcontent">
	<p id="pw4">Please wait...</p> 
  <!-- p>WARNING: Beta.</p -->
  <script>
  var cieimurl = 'img/chromatimg.php?species_id=410';
  var modes = [			0, 			  ];
  var modenm = [		'Photopic', 			  ];
  openTab(false, 'ops');
  </script>
</div>

<div id="script" class="tabcontent">
<textarea style="width: 1050px; height: 400px;">
10001	t1	VSPLIT		Receptor,Rod,Cone
10002	t1	RCPMODE		Rod,1
10003	t1	TSPLIT		Cone,LWS cone,SWS cone
10004	t1	OPSIN		LWS cone,530
10005	t1	TSPLIT		SWS cone,MWS cone,SWS1 cone
10006	t1	OPSIN		SWS1 cone,380
10008	t1	TSPLIT		MWS cone,Rh2 cone,SWS2 cone
10009	t1	OPSIN		SWS2 cone,440
106382	t1	DSCOPP		643,SWS2 cone,SWS1 cone,Rod
106383	t1	DISCOPP		10003,Rh2 cone
106384	t1	CONNOPP		10003,+,Rh2 cone
106385	t1	DSCOPP		10005,Rh2 cone
106386	t1	CONNOPP		10008,+,LWS cone
106387	t1	DSCOPP		10008,SWS2 cone
106388	t1	DISCOPP		10008,Rh2 cone
106389	t1	CONNOPP		10008,-,Rh2 cone
106412	t1	NAMEOPP		643,Luminance (photopic)
106413	t1	NAMEOPP		10001,Luminance (scotopic)
106416	t1	DELOPP		106390
106418	t1	CONNdhgOPP	10003,+,LWS cone
106438	t1	NAMEOPP		10003,Yellow-Blue
106439	t1	NAMEOPP		10005,Blue-UV
106440	t1	NAMEOPP		10008,Red-Green
1335409	t1	RCPACU		Cone,2
1335410	t1	RCPACU		Rod,.5
10007	t478	RCPNAME		Rod-like,Rod
106626	t478	GRADLVL		50
1335402	t478	RCPACU		LWS cone,Rh2 cone,5
1335403	t478	RCPACU		SWS2 cone,SWS1 cone,1
1361559	t478	RCPACU		Rod,2
1561559	t478	RCPACU		Rod,2
10109	t2	OPSIN		LWS cone,620
10110	t2	PORPH		LWS cone,Rh2 cone,SWS2 cone,SWS1 cone,Rod,1
10114	t2	OPSIN		Rh2 cone,525
106435	t2	RCPNAME		LWS cone,Double cone LWS
106436	t2	RCPNAME		Rh2 cone,Double cone MWS
106437	t2	OPSIN		Double cone,0
106449	t127	VSPLIT		Double cone LWS,Double cone LWS,LWS cone
106453	t127	VSPLIT		Double cone MWS,Double cone MWS,Rh2 cone
106454	t127	DELOPP		106449,106453
106461	t127	CONNOPP		10003,+,Double cone LWS,Double cone MWS
106462	t127	CRE8OPP		Red-Green (double cones),+Double cone LWS,-Double cone MWS
106468	t127	CRE8OPP		Double-Single cones,+Double cone LWS,+Double cone MWS,-LWS cone,-Rh2 cone
106514	t127	CONNOPP		643,+,Double cone LWS,Double cone MWS
1351575	t443	ACUITY		1
2290	s410	OPSIN		Double cone LWS,0
2291	s410	OPSIN		Double cone MWS,522
2292	s410	OPSIN		LWS cone,584
2293	s410	OPSIN		Rh2 cone,500
2294	s410	OPSIN		SWS2 cone,480
2295	s410	OPSIN		SWS1 cone,0
2296	s410	OPSIN		Rod,500
5249	s410	PORPH		Double cone LWS,0
5250	s410	PORPH		Double cone MWS,0
5251	s410	PORPH		LWS cone,0
5252	s410	PORPH		Rh2 cone,0
5253	s410	PORPH		SWS2 cone,0
5254	s410	PORPH		SWS1 cone,0
5255	s410	PORPH		Rod,0
</textarea>
</div>

</div>


<div id="links">
<a href="color.php?sp=410">View color of something</a>
| <a href="image_process.php">Process image</a>
| <a href="https://www.google.com/search?q=Clupea pallasi&tbm=isch&tbs=sur:fmc" target="_gizoogle">Image Search</a>
</div>

<div class="clear">
&nbsp;
</div>

<div class="cites">
<h3>Notes and References:</h3>
Britt L.L., Loew E.R., McFarland W.N. (2001)
VISUAL PIGMENTS IN THE EARLY LIFE STAGES OF PACIFIC NORTHWEST MARINE FISHES
<i>Journal of Experimental Biology</i> 204, 2581-2587 (2001) <br><br>Warrant E.J., Nilsson D.-E. (1998) Absorption of White Light in Photoreceptors. <i>Vision Res.</i>, Vol. 38, No. 2, pp. 195-207. PII: S0042-6989(97)00151-X <br><br>Stavenga D., Smits R.P., Hoenders B.J. (1993) Simple Exponential Functions Describing the Absorbance Bands of Visual Pigment Spectra. <i>Vision Res.</i> 33(8) pp. 1011-1017. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/0042-6989(93)90237-Q " target="_cite">doi:10.1016/0042-6989(93)90237-Q </a><br><br> <br><br>
<em>Note: Many species may have gaps in available data, which may be filled in with extrapolations from closely related species.
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