Sara longwing (Heliconius sara)

Containing taxa: Animalia » Arthropoda » Pancrustacea » Insecta » Endopterygota » Lepidoptera » Papilionoidea » Nymphalidae » Heliconiini

Photoreceptors:
Receptor Opsin λmax Filter λmax Filter λ50% Recep. λmax
Red receptor550nm540nm600nm598nm
Green receptor550nm300nm400nm550nm
Blue receptor470nm  470nm
UV receptor370nm  369nm


Opponent processes:
Description (+) Terminus (-) Terminus Mode
Luminance
Green receptor   Photopic
Orange-Green
607nm - 575nm - 543nm
 
Red receptor Green receptor Photopic
Lime-Blue
557nm - 505nm - 461nm
 
Green receptor Blue receptor Photopic
Green-UV
550nm - 430nm - 367nm
 
Green receptor UV receptor Photopic

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Notes and References:

Longwave-transmissive screening pigments and red-inclusive tetrachromacy are known for several members of this family, including the related Heliconius erato. It is almost certain that this species, too, possesses red sensitivity, in absence of evidence to the contrary.

Briscoe, A. D. & Chittka, L. (2001) The Evolution of Color Vision in Insects. Annu. Rev. Entomol. 2001. 46:471-510

Warrant E.J., Nilsson D.-E. (1998) Absorption of White Light in Photoreceptors. Vision Res., Vol. 38, No. 2, pp. 195-207. PII: S0042-6989(97)00151-X

Stavenga D., Smits R.P., Hoenders B.J. (1993) Simple Exponential Functions Describing the Absorbance Bands of Visual Pigment Spectra. Vision Res. 33(8) pp. 1011-1017. doi:10.1016/0042-6989(93)90237-Q



Note: Many species may have gaps in available data, which may be filled in with extrapolations from closely related species. The AVIAN website is copyright © 2011-2024 J. Gagnon. All rights reserved unless otherwise specified.