Ringed seal (Pusa hispida)

Containing taxa: Animalia » Chordata » Osteichthyes » Sarcopterygii » Tetrapoda » Mammalia » Eutheria » Laurasiatheria » Carnivora » Caniformia » Pinnipedia » Phocidae

Photoreceptors:
Receptor Opsin λmax Filter λmax Filter λ50% Recep. λmax
Yellow cone552nm  552nm
Rod501nm  501nm


Opponent processes:
Description (+) Terminus (-) Terminus Mode
Luminance (photopic)
Yellow cone   Photopic
Luminance (scotopic)
Rod   Scotopic
Cones-Rods
590nm - 536nm - 478nm
 
Yellow cone Rod Photopic

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Notes and References:

Levenson, D H, Ponganis, P J, Crognale, M A, Deegan, J F, Dizon, A, Jacobs, G H. (2006) Visual pigments of marine carnivores: pinnipeds, polar bear, and sea otter. Journal of Comparative Physiology A-Neuroethology Sensory Neural and Behavioral Physiology, 192(8) 833-843

Oppermann D., Schramme J., Neumeyer C. (2016) Rod-cone based color vision in seals under photopic conditions. Vision Research 125:30-40

Warrant E.J., Nilsson D.-E. (1998) Absorption of White Light in Photoreceptors. Vision Res., Vol. 38, No. 2, pp. 195-207. PII: S0042-6989(97)00151-X

Stavenga D., Smits R.P., Hoenders B.J. (1993) Simple Exponential Functions Describing the Absorbance Bands of Visual Pigment Spectra. Vision Res. 33(8) pp. 1011-1017. doi:10.1016/0042-6989(93)90237-Q



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