Common sting ray (Dasyatis pastinaca)

Containing taxa: Animalia » Chordata » Chondrichthyes » Elasmobranchii » Batoidea

Photoreceptors:
Receptor Opsin λmax Filter λmax Filter λ50% Recep. λmax
Yellow cone540nm  540nm
Green cone502nm  502nm
Rod502nm  502nm
Blue cone476nm  476nm


Opponent processes:
Description (+) Terminus (-) Terminus Mode
Luminance (photopic)
Yellow cone
Green cone
  Photopic
Luminance (scotopic)
Rod   Scotopic
Lime-Aqua
568nm - 526nm - 482nm
 
Yellow cone Green cone Photopic
Green-Blue
547nm - 506nm - 462nm
 
Yellow cone
Green cone
Blue cone Photopic

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Notes and References:

Govardovskii V.I., Lychakov L.V. (1977) Photoreceptors and visual pigments of Black Sea elasmobranchs. Zhurnal Evoliutsionnoi Biokhimii i Fiziologii 01 Mar 1977, 13(2):162-166

Siebeck U.E., Marshall N.J. (1999) Ocular media transmission of coral reef fish - can coral reef fish see ultraviolet light? Vision Research 41 (2001) 133 - 149.

Warrant E.J., Nilsson D.-E. (1998) Absorption of White Light in Photoreceptors. Vision Res., Vol. 38, No. 2, pp. 195-207. PII: S0042-6989(97)00151-X

Stavenga D., Smits R.P., Hoenders B.J. (1993) Simple Exponential Functions Describing the Absorbance Bands of Visual Pigment Spectra. Vision Res. 33(8) pp. 1011-1017. doi:10.1016/0042-6989(93)90237-Q



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