Purple mbuna (Lake Malawi) (Melanochromis vermivorus)

Containing taxa: Animalia » Chordata » Osteichthyes » Actinopterygii » Neopterygii » Teleostei » Euteleostei » Neoteleostei » Acanthomorpha » Acanthopterygii » Percomorpha » Carangimorpharia » Ovalentariae » Cichlidae

Photoreceptors:
Receptor Opsin λmax Filter λmax Filter λ50% Recep. λmax
Double cone LWS565nm  565nm
LWS cone555nm  555nm
Rh2 cone506nm  506nm
Rod505nm  505nm
Double cone MWS499nm  499nm
SWS2 cone430nm  433nm


Opponent processes:
Description (+) Terminus (-) Terminus Mode
Luminance (photopic)
LWS cone
Rh2 cone
Double cone LWS
Double cone MWS
  Photopic
Luminance (scotopic)
Rod   Scotopic
Double-Single cones
614nm - 580nm - 538nm
 
Double cone LWS
Double cone MWS
LWS cone
Rh2 cone
Photopic
Yellow-Aqua
578nm - 534nm - 489nm
 
LWS cone Rh2 cone Photopic
Green-Indigo
525nm - 480nm - 431nm
 
LWS cone
Rh2 cone
Double cone LWS
Double cone MWS
SWS2 cone Photopic

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Notes and References:

Parry, J. W., Carleton, K. L., Spady, T., Carboo, A., Hunt, D. M., & Bowmaker, J. K. (2005). Mix and match color vision: tuning spectral sensitivity by differential opsin gene expression in Lake Malawi cichlids. Current Biology, 15(19), 1734-1739.

Hofmann CM, O'Quin KE, Marshall NJ, Carelton KL (2010) The relationship between lens transmission and opsin gene expression in cichlids from Lake Malawi. Vision Research 50: 357-363. doi:10.1016/j.visres.2009.12.004

Warrant E.J., Nilsson D.-E. (1998) Absorption of White Light in Photoreceptors. Vision Res., Vol. 38, No. 2, pp. 195-207. PII: S0042-6989(97)00151-X

Stavenga D., Smits R.P., Hoenders B.J. (1993) Simple Exponential Functions Describing the Absorbance Bands of Visual Pigment Spectra. Vision Res. 33(8) pp. 1011-1017. doi:10.1016/0042-6989(93)90237-Q



Note: Many species may have gaps in available data, which may be filled in with extrapolations from closely related species. The AVIAN website is copyright © 2011-2024 J. Gagnon. All rights reserved unless otherwise specified.